The CNP Diet and Interoception Research Category consolidates research exploring the interconnected relationship between dietary intake and interoception. To view each original study on the open internet, click “Original.” To view the CNP-written abstract summary, click “CNP Summary.” While only some of the CNP-written abstract summaries are available below for free, all abstract summaries are available to CNP members through the CNP Library Membership.
Interoception is one of the six elements characterizing the field of Nutritional Psychology. Interoception plays a significant role in developing our understanding of the Diet-Mental Health Relationship (DMHR). Referred to as “the eighth sense,” Interoception is our perception of the internal physiological state of our body. Interoception pertains to the receiving, encoding, and representation of internal bodily signals in the brain, as well as their perception (Ceunen et al., 2016). Interoception encompasses the non-conscious bodily signals we experience, and our conscious perception of them. NP 110: Introduction to Nutritional Psychology Methods includes curriculum in Diet and Interoception.
This study published in 2017 investigates the impacts of briefly consuming a high-fat with high-sucrose (HFS) diet over 4 days relative to one lower in saturated fat and added sugar, on hippocampal-dependent learning and memory (HDLM) and perception of internal bodily state (interoception). A group of healthy individuals were randomly assigned to either the Experiment condition (HFS breakfast) or the control condition, and were assessed before and after breakfast on day one and four on HDLM, interoception and biological measures. Food diaries were also completed before and during the study. The results showed significant reductions in HDLM and reduced interoceptive sensitivity to hunger and fullness among the Experimental condition group, in comparison with the control group. The greater reductions in HDLM was associated with the larger changes in blood glucose across breakfast. Those assigned to the experimental condition exhibited markedly different blood glucose and triglyceride responses to their breakfast relative to the control group. The Experimental condition compensated for their energy-dense breakfast by reducing carbohydrate intake, while saturated fat intake remained consistently higher than Controls. Attuquayefio et. al (2017) claims to have replicated the results of animal studies in humans in the way a Western-style diet impacts HDLM, and concludes that the link between diet-induced HDLM changes and blood glucose suggests one pathway by which diet impacts HDLM in humans.
Appetite change profiles in depression exhibit differential relationships between systemic inflammation and activity in reward and interoceptive neurocircuitry
Internal states and interoception along a spectrum of eating disorder symptomology
General versus hunger/satiety-specific interoceptive sensibility in predicting disordered eating
Food consciousness intervention improves interoceptive sensitivity and expression of exteroception in women
Interoception and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between interoception and BMI
Difficulties in emotion regulation and deficits in interoceptive awareness in moderate and severe obesity
Relationship between dispositional mindfulness, psychological health, and diet quality among healthy midlife adults
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
Dynamic causal modeling of insular, striatal, and prefrontal cortex activities during a food-specific go/noGo task
The anterior insular cortex unilaterally controls feeding in response to aversive visceral stimuli in mice
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
Food related processes in the insular cortex
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
Interoceptive dysfunction: toward an integrated framework for understanding somatic and affective disturbance in depression
Evidence for a large-scale brain system supporting allostasis and interoception in humans
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
Individual differences in Hippocampal volume as a function of BMI and reward sensitivity
The outward spiral: A vicious cycle model of obesity and cognitive dysfunction
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
Sex-specific relationships between interoceptive accuracy and emotion regulation
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
Evaluation of the intensity and discomfort of perioperative thirst
Individual differences in the interoceptive states of hunger, fullness and thirst
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
Interoception and mental Health: A roadmap
Dynamic changes in post-ingestive sensations after consumption of a breakfast meal high in protein or carbohydrate
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
Subjective sensations related to food as determinants of snack choice
Post-ingestive sensations driving post-ingestive food pleasure: A cross-cultural consumer study comparing Denmark and China
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
Consumer reflections on post-ingestive sensations. A qualitative approach by means of focus group interviews
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
Mindfulness, interoception, and the body: A contemporary perspective
Western-style diet impairs stimulus control by food deprivation state cues: Implications for obesogenic environments
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
From the body's viscera to the body's image: Is there a link between interoception and body image concerns?
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
Do interoceptive awareness and interoceptive responsiveness mediate the relationship between body appreciation and intuitive eating in young women?
Getting to the heart of the matter: Does aberrant interoceptive processing contribute towards emotional eating?
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
Interoceptive contributions to healthy eating and obesity
Interoceptive awareness and its relationship to hippocampal dependent processes
Individual differences in the interoceptive states of hunger, fullness and thirst
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
Thirst interoception and its relationship to a Western-style diet
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
Western diet and the weakening of the interoceptive stimulus control of appetitive behavior
A four-day Western-style dietary intervention causes reductions in hippocampal-dependent learning and memory and interoceptive sensitivity