Encyclopedia of Nutritional Psychology

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a subdivision of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that regulates the body's vital functions, such as blood pressure, heart rate, breathing, and digestion. It…

The term 'availability,' categorized within the Diet-Behavior Relationship in nutritional psychology, refers to a determinant of dietary intake behavior: the presence and accessibility of foods in an individual's environment, including homes, workplaces,…

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) is a feeding or eating disorder characterized by persistent avoidance or restriction of food intake due to factors such as low interest in eating, sensory characteristics of food, or fear of aversive consequences such as choking or vomiting.

Bacteria are a type of microorganism with different shapes and structures. In bacteriology, they are mainly classified into two main types, gram-negative and gram-positive, based on the physical and chemical…

The migration of potentially harmful bacteria or their toxic products from one site of the body (such as the gut) to other organs or tissues due to compromised barrier integrity.

A condition characterized by an imbalance in the vaginal microbiota, where beneficial lactobacilli are reduced and replaced by an overgrowth of other bacteria. This shift can cause symptoms such as…

BALB/c mice are a widely used strain of laboratory mice commonly used in biomedical research (i.e., including immunology, oncology, and infectious disease research) due to their genetic uniformity, susceptibility to…

The basal ganglia is a part of the brain comprising multiple structures that primarily modulate motor tone and involuntary motor movement. Damage to this area is implicated in movement disorders…

One of the three behavioral systems proposed by Gray’s Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory.  It determines how sensitive a person is to rewards, differentiating between people who are very keen to act,…

One of the three behavioral systems proposed by Gray’s Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory. Individuals with pronounced BIS are prone to experiencing anxiety. They will tend to intensely worry and ruminate (extensively…