The consummatory phase, also known as consummatory behavior, refers to the final response in a natural chain of behaviors directed toward achieving a goal or satisfying a specific drive. It tends to terminate a behavioral sequence (Ball & Balthazart, 2008; Harrold & Halford, 2013). For example, eating to satisfy hunger is the final act in the sequence of responses involved in foraging for food.

Methods or devices used to prevent pregnancy by inhibiting ovulation, blocking fertilization, or preventing implantation of a fertilized egg. They can be hormonal (e.g., pills, patches, injections), barrier-based (e.g., condoms, diaphragms), intrauterine, or permanent (sterilization).

The commissure that connects the two hemispheres of the brain.

Cortisol, often referred to as the “stress hormone”, is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands located on top of each kidney. It plays a crucial role in the body’s response to stress and helps regulate various functions, including metabolism, blood sugar, immune response, and the sleep-wake cycle.

Craving refers to a powerful, often intense desire for a specific food or type of food, driven by a compelling urge to consume it. Cravings can be triggered by various factors, including emotional states, sensory cues, or biological needs, and they typically involve a strong longing for a particular taste or food item.

A cue is a trigger or signal that initiates a habit. It’s a prompt that tells your brain to go into automatic mode and decide which habit to use.

CPF refers to the phenomenon where exposure to food-related cues (like sights or smells) triggers eating even when the individual is not physically hungry. This behavior arises through associative learning, where neutral cues become linked with food and gain the power to stimulate consumption.

According to Geert Hofsted, culture is the the collective programming of the mind that distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from others.

Cyberbullying is a form of bullying that takes place through electronic devices and online platforms. It involves the use of technology, such as social media, to harass, threaten, or intimidate individuals, often causing emotional distress.

Cytokine storm is a medical condition in which a person’s immune system becomes hyperactive and releases cytokines uncontrolled, leading to multiple organ failures and death. Ex: COVID-19