We all know that eating certain foods can temporarily make us feel bad and unwell. However, more and more studies indicate that following certain dietary patterns might have longer-lasting adverse effects (Hedrih, 2024; Zhang et al., 2024). One such pattern attracting more and more research attention is the so-called Western diet.
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We have all experienced situations where we really, really want to eat something we shouldn’t. This experience is probably best known to individuals trying to lose weight by simply eating less. This struggle with the desire to eat might be completely invisible to outside observers. It only happens in our minds. But does that psychological struggle to avoid eating require extra energy? Most importantly, is this energy expenditure greater when the struggle is harder? A group of researchers conducted a study back in 2020 to find out.
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When we notice something really harmful, threatening, or challenging is happening, we experience a series of emotional states that prepare us to deal with that event. We may experience fear or anxiety, but we can also experience rage. If the developments threaten someone we love, our mind will remind us of that love and the need to act to protect that person. In such situations, our bodies will experience stress. The reactions will not be solely psychological, but a series of strong physiological changes will also occur.
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The body needs a wide variety of nutrients to stay healthy. Some are needed in large quantities, and they are called macronutrients, while others are needed in smaller quantities (micronutrients). Still, all of these nutrients are needed for our body to remain healthy. To obtain all the nutrients found in different food items, people establish patterns of eating and drinking we refer to as “diets” (or, in nutritional psychology, “dietary intake patterns”).
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Living beings need to eat to stay alive. Multiple times daily, processes in our body tell our brain that we need to eat. We feel hunger, prompting us to look for food and eat it. After we have eaten, we feel satiated. This cycle continues as long as we live. But how does this function on the neural and biochemical level?
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