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Metabolic profile and long-term risk of depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders
Previous research has hinted at a potential link between biomarkers tied to lipid, apolipoprotein, and carbohydrate metabolism and the susceptibility to depression, anxiety, and stress-related conditions, albeit with inconsistent findings. To explore this further, Chourpiliadis et al. (2024) undertook a population-based cohort investigation utilizing data spanning from 1985 to 1996 (during occupational health screenings). Blood samples were collected to assess lipid, apolipoprotein, and carbohydrate biomarkers. Within the cohort, nested case-control analyses (i.e., new analyses that utilized the already existing cohort of participants) were conducted, pairing newly diagnosed cases of anxiety, depression, and stress-related disorders with up to 10 control subjects per newly diagnosed case. The study involved 211,200 participants, with an average initial biomarker measurement age of 42.1 years; the majority were male (58%) and Swedish-born (89.4%). 16,256 incidences of anxiety, depression, or stress-related disorders were observed during the mean follow-up period of 21.0 years. Notably, heightened levels of triglycerides and glucose were associated with an increased risk across all psychiatric disorders examined, while elevated high-density lipoprotein levels were correlated with a decreased risk. Furthermore, the nested case-control analyses unveiled that individuals diagnosed with these disorders exhibited raised levels of triglycerides, glucose, and total cholesterol in the two decades leading up to diagnosis, along with higher levels of apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A-I in the decade preceding diagnosis compared to control counterparts. The researchers concluded that elevated glucose and triglyceride levels, coupled with reduced high-density lipoprotein levels, were linked to an escalated risk of future depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders. These findings underscore the importance of closely monitoring individuals with metabolic irregularities for the early detection and prevention of psychiatric disorders. [NPID: Cohort study, biomarkers, depression, anxiety, stress-related disorders, metabolic dysregulations, lipid metabolism, glucose, high-density lipoprotein]
Year: 2024
