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Nutritional psychology and inflammatory bowel disease: a narrative review of gut-brain axis interactions
The interplay between Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and psychological conditions presents significant clinical implications, particularly concerning anxiety and depression. This narrative review examines how dietary factors and nutritional psychology influence the gut–brain axis in individuals with IBD. Chronic inflammation and alterations in gut microbiota, compounded by psychological stress, emerge as pivotal factors affecting the mental health landscape of patients with IBD.
The review differentiates between the psychiatric comorbidity that manifests in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, noting that discrepancies in diagnosis and therapeutic approaches further complicate patient care. The physiological mechanisms linking intestinal dysregulation and inflammation to mood disorders are intricately outlined. Furthermore, the review highlights innovative strategies, such as microbiome-based therapies and nutritional interventions, that are increasingly recognized for their potential to enhance both gastrointestinal and mental health outcomes.
The authors advocate a multidisciplinary approach that integrates efforts from gastroenterology, psychiatry, and dietetics, alongside advances in precision medicine. This comprehensive care model aims to address the nuances of patient needs. However, challenges persist, including variability in individual responses, methodological disparities, and the absence of uniform clinical protocols. The authors emphasize the urgent need for ongoing research to deepen understanding of diet–microbiota–brain interactions in IBD, with the ultimate goal of refining personalized treatment strategies for individuals facing simultaneous physical and psychological health issues. [NPID: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), Gut–brain axis, Gut microbiota/dysbiosis, Nutritional psychology, Anxiety and depression]
Year: 2025
