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The associations of dietary Patterns with depressive and anxiety symptoms: A prospective study
The influence of diet as a risk factor on mental health is becoming more well-acknowledged. However, no evidence links dietary habits with depression and anxious symptoms. Chen et al. (2023) set out to look at the relationships between dietary patterns distinguished by a particular set of nutrients and symptoms of anxiety and depression. A total of 126,819 subjects from the UK Biobank who had finished at least two dietary questionnaires were included in the analysis. Between 2006 and 2010, 24-hour dietary assessments were used to collect baseline diet data; between 2011 and 2012, four rounds of online follow-ups were conducted. Between 2016 and 2017, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the General Anxiety Disorder-7, respectively, were used to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms. A total of 2202 cases of anxiety symptoms and 2746 cases of depressive symptoms were documented over a mean follow-up of 7.6 years. In order to explain 74% of the variance in nutrients thought to be associated with depression and anxious symptoms, three primary DPs were developed. High intakes of chocolate, sweets, and butter and low intakes of vegetables and fruits were characteristics of DP1. Analysis of the results demonstrated increasing odds of anxiety and depressive symptoms for Q2-Q5 compared to the lowest quintile of DP1. DP2 had high intakes of added sugars, drinks with added sugar, and low intakes of butter and cheese, but it did not demonstrate any conclusive associations with depression or anxious symptoms. Desserts made with a lot of butter and milk and a low intake of alcohol or bread were typical of DP3. Increasing odds of anxiety and depressive symptoms were seen in Q2-Q5 compared to the lowest quartile of DP3. The authors conclude that DP is linked to higher odds of depression and anxiety symptoms if it is characterized by high intakes of chocolate and confectionery, high-fat cheese, butter, and added sugars in combination with low intakes of fresh fruit and vegetables. [NPID: Depression, Anxiety, dietary pattern, reduced rank regression]
Year: 2023
