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Association of adherence to a MIND-style diet with the risk of cognitive impairment and decline in the REGARDS cohort
Diet can influence cognitive impairment and cognitive decline, but it remains unclear if the effects vary between Black American and White American populations. This study by Sawyer et al. (2024) explored the links between cognitive impairment, cognitive trajectories, and Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet fidelity in a multiracial, prospective cohort of participants. Utilizing data from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke project (REGARDS), which includes a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) component, the study investigated the association between MIND diet fidelity and cognitive results in both Black and White participants. Logistic regression was employed to analyze the relationship between the MIND diet score (both continuous and tertiles) and the incidence of cognitive impairment, adjusting for factors like age, sex, race, region, education, income, medical history, and lifestyle factors. Data from 14,145 participants, with an average age of 64 years (SD 9.0 years) and 56.7% female, were analyzed. After controlling for a number of variables, the findings indicated that a lower prevalence of cognitive impairment was associated with greater MIND diet adherence. More adherence to the MIND diet was specifically linked to a lower risk of cognitive impairment for female participants, but not for male individuals. Higher MIND diet adherence was also associated with a lower risk of cognitive deterioration in both groups. Furthermore, adherence to the MIND diet was a stronger predictor of cognitive deterioration in Black participants than in White people. In conclusion, there was no discernible difference between Black and White individuals, even though following the MIND diet was linked to a lower risk of cognitive impairment in female participants. However, MIND diet fidelity was shown to be a significant predictor of cognitive outcomes in Black participants. [NPID: MIND diet, cognitive impairment, cognitive decline, Black participants, White participants, dietary adherence, Mediterranean diet, gender differences, cognitive trajectory]
Year: 2024
