Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is the standard classification system for mental health conditions in the United States, published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA). It provides standardized diagnostic criteria, terminology, and coding used by clinicians, researchers, insurers, and public health authorities to identify and classify psychiatric disorders across cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and developmental domains. First published in 1952, the DSM has been revised periodically to reflect advances in psychiatric science; the current edition is the DSM-5-TR (Fifth Edition, Text Revision), published in 2022, which retains the diagnostic criteria of the DSM-5 (2013) while updating text on prevalence, risk factors, culture, sex and gender considerations, comorbidity, and course, adding Prolonged Grief Disorder as a new diagnosis, and revising language to reflect current research and cultural sensitivity. The DSM is used alongside the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Diseases (ICD), with which it is broadly harmonized for coding purposes.