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Ephi Lu
CNP Contributor

Ephi Lu

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Gram staining

Gram-staining is a traditional laboratory technique used to rapidly classify bacterial species into two broad categories: gram-positive and gram-negative, according to their type of…

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Gram-negative bacteria

Gram-negative bacteria contain outer and inner cell membranes and create pink color colonies upon gram-staining. Most of the gram-negative bacterial species are pathogenic due…

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Ghrelin

Ghrelin is often referred to as the “hunger hormone.” It is produced by the stomach and stimulates appetite, signaling to the brain that it’s…

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Germ-Free (GF) Animal Model

The germ-free (GF) animal model refers to the study of animals raised in a sterile environment free of microorganisms (i.e., beneficial and pathogenic microbes)…

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Genes

Genes are the instruction manuals of living organisms made up of intricate DNA sequences; their function is to direct the production of specific proteins…

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Food Security

Food security is a broader concept encompassing not only affordability but also availability, accessibility, and utilization of food. It is the condition in which…

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