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The CNP Diet, Disease, and Mental Health Research Category consolidates research exploring the interdependent relationship between diet, disease, and mental health. To view each original study on the open internet, click “Original.” To view the CNP-written abstract summary, click “CNP Summary.” While only some of the CNP-written abstract summaries are available below for free, all abstract summaries are available to CNP members through the CNP Library Membership.
In this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials by Chiavaroli et al. (2021), the authors consulted several databases (Embase, Medline, Cochrane, up to May 13, 2021) to evaluate the impact of the low glycemic index (GI)/load (GL) diets on diabetes, and evaluate the use of diet as a therapeutic intervention. Data on glycemic control (fasting insulin and fasting glucose levels), adiposity (body weight, body mass index [BMI], waist circumference), lipids (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], apolipoprotein B, triglycerides, non-HDL-C), inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP]), blood pressure (systolic [SBP], diastolic [DBP]), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was collected from studies that met inclusion criteria (n = 29, 1617 participants, Type 1 and 2 Diabetes, middle-aged, overweight or obese with moderate Type 2 control on antihyperglycemics or insulin). Analysis of the data revealed that the use of low GI/GL diets helped improve glycemic control significantly (reduction in HbA1c levels, fasting glucose, body weight, BMI, LDL-C, apo B, non-HDL-C, SBP, CRP), with the levels of reduction seen on HbA1c with GL diets and the levels of reduction in SBP and dietary GI correlating with the overall adherence to the low glycemic diets. No reductions were observed in HDL-C, waist circumference, DBP, or insulin levels. The authors conclude that low GI/GL diets can help improve lipids, adiposity, inflammation, blood pressure, and most importantly, glycemic control in adults suffering from moderately controlled type 1 or type 2 diabetes in tandem with current hyperglycemia treatment regimens
Mixed tree nut snacks compared to refined carbohydrate snacks resulted in weight loss and increased satiety during both weight loss and weight maintenance: A 24-week randomized controlled trial
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
Trends in dietary patterns and diet-related behaviors in China
Consumption of grapes modulates gene expression, reduces non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and extends longevity in female C57BL/6J mice provided with a high-fat western-pattern diet
Effect of low glycaemic index or load dietary patterns on glycaemic control and cardiometabolic risk factors in diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Co-occurrence of food addiction, obesity, problematic substance use, and parental history of problematic alcohol use
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
The Western diet-microbiome-host interaction and its role in metabolic disease
The Mediterranean Diet and 2-Year change in cognitive function by status of type 2 diabetes and glycemic control
Identification of psychological factors associated with adherence to self-care behaviors amongst patients with type 1 Diabetes
CNP Research Summary can be found in the CNP Library Membership
Preceding psychological factors and calorie intake in patients with type 2 diabetes: investigation by ecological momentary assessment
