Navigation
The biological relationship among depression, vitamins B9, B12, and D, and genetic variants: a systematic review
Depression is recognized as a leading cause of disability globally, characterized as a multifactorial disorder influenced by biological, psychological, and environmental factors. This systematic review examines the contributions of vitamins B9 (folate), B12 (cobalamin), and D to depression, focusing on their biological mechanisms, interactions with genetic variants, and implications for treatment. Conducted through a systematic literature review utilizing Web of Science (WOS) and PubMed, the study included 24 relevant articles published until June 15, 2025. The review followed PRISMA criteria and comprised randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies, and case reports, specifically analyzing the associations between genetic variants linked to the metabolism of the aforementioned vitamins and their effects on depressive outcomes. The findings indicate that deficiencies in vitamins B9 and B12 correlate with diminished neurotransmitter synthesis, elevated homocysteine levels, and exacerbated depressive symptoms. Moreover, vitamin D deficiency has been implicated in mood regulation through its impact on neurotransmission. Notably, genetic variants, especially in the MTHFR gene, significantly affect individual susceptibility to depression, underscoring the interplay between genetic factors and micronutrient bioavailability. While the review presents promising evidence that supplementation of vitamins B9, B12, and D may alleviate depressive symptoms, it also emphasizes the necessity for further research involving diverse populations, larger sample sizes, and a broader spectrum of genetic variants. Personalized treatment strategies that incorporate dietary, genetic, and environmental factors are recommended to optimize therapeutic outcomes for individuals experiencing depression. [NPID: Micronutrients, vitamin D, vitamine B9, B12, depression]
Year: 2025
