Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in insulin-resistant adolescents with obesity: The role of nutrition therapy and food supplements as a strategy to protect fertility

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in adolescents with obesity and insulin resistance

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), which is often associated with obesity and adverse effects on reproductive health, is one of the most common hormonal disorders affecting young women of reproductive age. While multiple theories exist regarding its development, insulin resistance (IR) is widely accepted as a central cause of PCOS—functioning independently, though worsened by obesity. The resulting increase in insulin levels (hyperinsulinemia) stimulates the ovaries to produce excessive androgens, contributing to the syndrome. Obesity-related chronic inflammation further disrupts ovarian function by reducing insulin sensitivity. For adolescents with both obesity and PCOS, the primary treatment involves lifestyle modifications, targeted dietary plans, and, if necessary, weight reduction. Medical nutrition therapy (MNT), along with specific dietary supplements, plays a significant role in alleviating symptoms such as insulin resistance and improving metabolic and reproductive health. This review by Calcaterra et al. (2021) highlights the connection between PCOS, obesity, and IR in adolescents, emphasizing the importance of early nutritional interventions as a recommended strategy to restore ovulation and preserve fertility. [NPID: Polycystic ovary syndrome, fertility, obesity, adolescents, nutrition, diet, food supplements]

Year: 2021

Reference: Calcaterra, V., Verduci, E., Cena, H., Magenes, V. C., Todisco, C. F., Tenuta, E., Gregorio, C., De Giuseppe, R., Bosetti, A., Di Profio, E., & Zuccotti, G. (2021). Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in insulin-resistant adolescents with obesity: The role of nutrition therapy and food supplements as a strategy to protect fertility. Nutrients, 13(6), 1848. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13061848

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