Clinical management of major depressive disorder with comorbid obesity

Relationship between major depressive disorder (MDD) and obesity

Obesity is a prevalent somatic comorbidity in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD), significantly influencing the disorder’s trajectory and prognosis. The bidirectional relationship between major depressive disorder (MDD) and obesity establishes a feedback loop that complicates management for both patients and healthcare providers. Current gaps in interdisciplinary collaboration and knowledge transfer impede effective treatment for this population. This narrative review synthesizes existing research on obesity and MDD, presenting a comprehensive framework for risk stratification and monitoring that incorporates both psychological and metabolic factors to enhance clinical decision-making. We evaluate recent findings on pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions, as well as lifestyle modifications—including exercise, dietary changes, and weight-loss medications—aimed at alleviating depressive symptoms while facilitating weight management and improving metabolic health. Notably, bariatric surgery, an important aspect of obesity management, is not addressed in this review. In conclusion, we underscore the critical necessity for an integrated, interdisciplinary treatment approach and offer practical guidance for optimizing care, ultimately enhancing outcomes for individuals grappling with MDD and comorbid obesity. [NPID: Major depressive disorder, MDD, interdisciplinary, comorbidity, lifestyle]

Year: 2025

Reference: Opel, N., Hanssen, R., Steinmann, L. A., Foerster, J., Köhler-Forsberg, O., Hahn, M., Ferretti, F., Palmer, C., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Gold, S. M., Reif, A., Otte, C., & Edwin Thanarajah, S. (2025). Clinical management of major depressive disorder with comorbid obesity. The Lancet Psychiatry. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(25)00193-2

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