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The effect of GLP-1RAs on mental health and psychotropics-induced metabolic disorders: A systematic review
Mental illnesses and the use of psychotropic medications are linked to an increased risk of weight gain and metabolic disorders. Recent studies suggest that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) may be effective and safe for weight loss. However, evidence regarding their efficacy in individuals with both obesity and mental illness remains scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and impact of GLP-1RAs on mental health and psychotropic-induced metabolic disorders, specifically obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). A comprehensive literature search was performed from January 1, 2010, to August 31, 2024, utilizing the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. The inclusion criteria focused on studies involving adults with obesity or T2D and mental illness, as well as those assessing individuals without mental illness who completed psychiatric assessments before and after GLP-1RA treatment. Out of 36 studies reviewed, 18 specifically investigated the weight-reducing effects of GLP-1RAs in patients with mental disorders, while the remaining studies focused on patients without such disorders. The findings indicated that GLP-1RAs significantly promoted weight loss and improved glycemic control in patients with mental illness receiving psychotropic medications. Moreover, these treatments exhibited beneficial effects on mental health across both patient populations. They did not correlate with exacerbated mental states, increased suicidality, new-onset mental illnesses, or higher rates of psychiatric admissions. In conclusion, GLP-1RAs are identified as safe and effective treatments for weight loss in individuals with obesity and mental illness, contributing positively to mental health and overall quality of life. Further randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with larger sample sizes, longer treatment durations, and extended follow-up periods are essential to determine the long-term effects of GLP-1RAs. Additionally, investigating the potential of GLP-1RAs in directly treating mental illness could yield valuable insights into their role in mental health improvement. [NPID: GLP-1RAs, mental health, metabolic disorders, psychotropic, weight loss, glycemic control]
Year: 2025
