Effects of food form on appetite and energy balance

This 2015 article emphasizes the influences of various food properties on several outcomes. Food form in particular can impact nutritional outcomes through multiple mechanisms involving cognitive and oral sensory processes, and stomach and intestine activity. Dhillon et al. explain that holding expectations about the form of food can determine digestive processes, metabolism occurring after absorption, the sensory ratings of the food product, and the level of fullness one feels. Moreover, mastication depends on the structure of food, which can alter appetite, energy, and the nutrient bioavailability in the digestive tract. Finally, the physical form of food particles can affect absorption of nutrients, the speed at which the stomach is able to empty its contents, and the time it takes for the food to pass through the intestine also. Thus, there are significant implications involving food form in ingestive behavior and health outcomes. [NPID: perception, cognition, oral sensory processes, digestion, metabolism, fullness, satiety, nutrient absorption, ingestive behavior]

Year: 2015

Reference: Mourao, D. M., Bressan, J., Campbell, W. W., & Mattes, R. D. (2007). Effects of food form on appetite and energy intake in lean and obese young adults. International journal of obesity (2005), 31(11), 1688–1695. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0803667