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Dietary habits and genetic susceptibility: Correlations between nutritional intake and genetic risks for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) may be prevented and managed in large part by dietary practices, which are influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. This study by Ohi et al. (2024) looked at how older persons with lifestyle-related disorders’ current eating habits are affected by genetic predispositions to SCZ and BD, which may provide information for preventative mental health measures. In a cohort of 730 older people with a diagnosis or suspicion of lifestyle-related diseases, the consumption of eight dietary categories—Japanese tea, miso soup, light-colored vegetables, green and yellow vegetables, pickles, fruits, meats, and soybeans—was assessed. Using Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWASs) information, the authors calculated polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for SCZ and BD (I & II), the distinction of SCZ from BD, and their shared genetic risks. The findings demonstrated that PRSs for SCZ and BD were linked to decreased intake of foods high in nutrients, such as soybeans and light-colored vegetables. Additionally, there were differences in dietary impacts between BD types I and II, with BD I showing a stronger association. Genetic variables shared by SCZ and BD were associated with lower consumption of soybeans, light-colored vegetables, Japanese tea, and miso soup. There were no discernible relationships between any dietary trends and PRSs for distinguishing SCZ from BD. These results highlight the possibility of dietary treatments in efforts to avoid the onset of SCZ and BD and treat those at risk or diagnosed with these illnesses. They also suggest that the eating choices of people with SCZ and BD may be influenced by the genetic risks they share. [NPID: schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, polygenic risk scores, genetic predisposition, dietary habits, lifestyle-related diseases, nutrient-rich foods, dietary interventions, cognitive decline, mental health prevention]
Year: 2024
