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Acute impact of dietary pattern and walking on postprandial attention, mood, and satiety in older adults: a randomized crossover trial
This 2019 study was conducted to determine whether attention, mood, and satiety can be influenced by meal composition and post-meal activity, as suggested by previous research, but among a sample of subjects at genetic risk of developing cardiovascular/neurodegenerative diseases. Each participant (26 in total) took part in 4 dietary interventions including the high-fat Western diet, the Western diet (WD), Mediterranean-type diet, and the Mediterranean diet (all identical in energy content). The subjects then walked (on a moderate level) for 30 minutes. Attention, mood, satiety (fullness), and plasma cortisol concentrations were measured at fasting and at 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 hours following consumption. After eating each meal, attention was found to increase continuously for all 4 interventions. But attention decreased after post-WD walking. The diet interventions did not appear to affect post-meal mood, however, which was generally deemed “good” across all interventions. Moreover, cortisol concentrations in the blood did drop after intake of each diet, and the maximum level of satiety/fullness was documented 1.5 hours after meal intake. Postprandial satiety was in fact higher after the Mediterranean diet than after the Western diet. In summary, meal composition was not shown to markedly impact attention or mood and resting rather than walking after having a typical Western diet-type meal seems to have beneficial consequences on attention levels. Furthermore, following a Mediterranean diet could reduce energy consumption and possibly assist in the control of weight due to its strong and long-lasting effect on satiety. [NPID: behavior, attention, mood, satiety, post-meal activity, meal composition, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, western diet, high-fat, mediterranean diet]
Year: 2019
